Caesarean section of sheep and goats
Caesarean section is less frequently required in small ruminants compared to cattle, due to the lower frequency of feto-maternal disproportion as a cause of dystocia (only 1 in 5 compared with 1 in 2 in cattle). Maldispositions are by far the most common of the causes of dystocia in sheep and goats. These can usually be corrected per vaginum.
The most common indication for caesarean in small ruminants is obstruction of the birth canal with either soft tissue or bone.